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Scoop的安装与配置

Scoop 是我个人比较喜欢的 Windows 包管理器。但默认依赖 GitHub,国内网络环境下安装慢、易报错。本文将指导从安装、换源到加速全流程。

前置准备

PowerShell 默认禁止运行本地脚本,需解锁:

powershell
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser

PowerShell 的安装与美化请参考美化Windows Terminal,推荐通过 Scoop 安装:

powershell
scoop install powershell

安装 Scoop

推荐南大镜像一键安装:

powershell
irm https://mirror.ghproxy.com/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/duzyn/scoop-cn/master/install.ps1 | iex

若出现 SSL 报错,改用跳过证书校验的方式:

powershell
[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
add-type -TypeDefinition @"
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
public class TrustAllCertsPolicy : ICertificatePolicy {
public bool CheckValidationResult(
ServicePoint srvPoint, X509Certificate certificate,
WebRequest request, int certificateProblem) {
return true;
}
}
"@
System.Net.ServicePointManager::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy
irm https://ghproxy.cc/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/duzyn/scoop-cn/master/install.ps1 | iex

验证安装:

powershell
scoop --version

换源:国内镜像 + 实用仓库

删除默认国外源

powershell
scoop bucket rm main
scoop bucket rm extras
scoop bucket rm versions

添加南大镜像源

main / extras / versions / nirsoft 走南大镜像,git 拉取稳定快速:

powershell
scoop bucket add main https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/git/scoop-main.git
scoop bucket add extras https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/git/scoop-extras.git
scoop bucket add versions https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/git/scoop-versions.git
scoop bucket add nirsoft https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/git/scoop-nirsoft.git/

添加 GitHub 官方仓库(代理前缀加速)

games / sysinternals 等官方仓库统一走 GitHub,通过代理前缀加速拉取:

powershell
scoop bucket add games https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/Calinou/scoop-games
scoop bucket add sysinternals https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/niheaven/scoop-sysinternals

添加中文仓库

推荐 Dorado(纯净无捆绑):

powershell
scoop bucket add dorado https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/chawyehsu/dorado.git

备选 ScoopCN:

powershell
scoop bucket add scoopcn https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/scoopcn/scoopcn.git

已添加的 GitHub bucket 无需重克隆,直接切换 git remote 即可(也可用下文脚本的菜单批量处理):

powershell
git -C "$env:SCOOP\buckets\games" remote set-url origin "https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/Calinou/scoop-games"

加速优化

开启 Aria2 多线程下载

powershell
scoop uninstall aria2 --purge
scoop cache rm aria2
scoop install https://mir.nju.edu.cn/git/scoop-extras/raw/master/bucket/aria2.json
scoop config aria2-enabled true
scoop config aria2-retry-wait 2
scoop config aria2-split 5
scoop config aria2-max-connection-per-server 5
scoop config aria2-min-split-size 4M

GitHub 下载加速

PowerShell 直接运行脚本,按菜单选择即可:

powershell
irm https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Dr1mH4X/Scripts/refs/heads/main/pwsh/scoop-proxy.ps1 | iex

scoop update 自更新会覆盖 download.ps1 导致加速失效。将脚本保存到本地后,一条命令即可完成更新并重新启用加速(自动读取已配置的 GITHUB_PROXY):

powershell
.\scoop-proxy.ps1 -Update

如需切换加速链接,追加 -Proxy 参数:

powershell
.\scoop-proxy.ps1 -Update -Proxy ghfast.top

交互模式下直接运行脚本选择菜单 6,效果相同。

刷新并验证

powershell
scoop update
scoop bucket list

恢复 SSL 验证

powershell
System.Net.ServicePointManager::CertificatePolicy = $null

安装 scoop-search(搜索加速)

scoop search 默认查询 GitHub API,通常需要 20 秒以上。scoop-search 是本地的暴力替代品,通过索引本地清单实现毫秒级响应,平均快约 350 倍。

powershell
scoop install scoop-search

安装 UniGetUI(图形界面)

UniGetUI 是 Scoop、Winget、Chocolatey 等命令行包管理器的图形前端,浏览、安装、更新、卸载软件全在一个窗口完成,无需记忆命令。

powershell
scoop install unigetui

安装后在开始菜单找到 UniGetUI 启动即可。它自动识别已配置的 Scoop 源,所有通过 Scoop 安装的软件都会显示在界面中。

日常使用命令

操作命令
搜索软件scoop-search <name>
安装软件scoop install <name>
卸载软件scoop uninstall <name>
更新单个软件scoop update <name>
更新所有scoop update *
列出已安装scoop list
清理旧版scoop cleanup *
清理缓存scoop cache rm *

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